Lago Sarmiento's geology is characterized by thrombolites, which are white, coral-like microbial structures formed by cyanobacteria in the lake's alkaline and saline environment. These structures are a result of microbial activity and the precipitation of calcium carbonate.

The lake has a high pH and is a closed system with water inflow but no drainage, creating a saline environment, which is favorable for thrombolite growth. Due to its fluctuating water levels, sub-fossil thrombolites are exposed along the shoreline.

Thrombolites are unique to only a few locations globally and are formed in shallow, closed lake systems.  


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Patagonia in Autumn - Chile